Chapter 8.1 and 8.2 Summary, Vocab and Concept Check

Vocab

Chloroplast- the organelle in a cell where photosynthesis takes place.
Chlorophyll- the chemical compounds that the chloroplast contain that gives it a green tinge because of the pigment inside it.
Stroma- The thick fluid that the membrane encloses
Thylakoids- the many disk shape sacs inside the stroma that is enclosed by a membrane.
Light Reactions- convert the sunlight into chemical energy
Calvin Cycle- makes sugar from the atom of the carbon dioxide plus hydrogen ions and the high energy electrons carried by the NADPH

Summary
The "fall" of electrons from glucose to oxygen releases energy then it is made into ATP
The process is 100% opposite to what occurs in photosynthesis
Inside the leaf, chloroplasts are bunched up in the cells of the mesophyll, the inner layer of tissue
of the plant cell.
The Calvin Cycle is referred to as a "light independent reaction.

Concept Check 8.1

1. Draw and label a simple diagram of a chloroplast that includes the following structures: outer and inner membranes, stroma, thylakoids.

2. What are the reactants for photosynthesis? What are the products?
The reactants for photosynthesis is Carbon Dioxide and Water. The products are Glucose and Oxygen

3. Name the two main stages of photosynthesis. How are the two stages related?
The two main stages of photosynthesis is the Light reaction and the Calvin Cycle. They are related because they both make things into energy for the plant.








8.2

Vocab

Wavelength- The distance between two adjacent waves.
Electromagnetic Spectrum-The types of electromagnetic energy that range from short waves to radio waves.
Pigment- Chemical compounds that determines a substances color.
Paper Chromatography- Using a laboratory technique.
Photosystem- chlorophyll and other molecules are arranged in clusters.

Summary

Light reactions take place in the membrane of the chloroplast.
Each time a pigment molecule absorbs light energy, one of the pigment's electrons gains energy.
Different pigments travel at different rates
Wavelengths can vary from gamma, short, long radio and more.
The light reactions convert light energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH.

Concept Check 8.2

1. Explain why a leaf appears green.
Leafs appear to be green because of chlorophyll which has a green pigment to it.
2. Describe what happens when a molecule of chlorophyll a absorbs light.
when a molecule of a chlorophyll a absorbs light, one of the pigment's electrons gains energy.
3. Besides oxygen, what two molecules are produced by the light reactions?
The water-splitting photosystem and the NADPH-producing photosystem.
4. Where in the chloroplast do the light reactions take place?
In the chloroplast, light reactions take place in the membrane of the chloroplast.