5.2

• Carbohydrate is compound made out of sugar

• Sugar made up of 1 Carbon 2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen.

• CH2O is the basic formula of any carbohydrate.

• Mono saccharides- sugars that contain one sugar unit

• Simple sugars are usually sweet like candy

• Glucose exists in straight chain and ring shaped forms

• Sugar molecules especially glucose are the main power source for you're body.

• Cells break down glucose and stores their energy

• Glucose usually makes fat molecules.

• Disaccharides- double sugar made from the dehydration reaction

• Sucrose is one of the most common disaccirides.

• Sucrose is a major carbohydrate found in plants

• Table sugar is processed from sugarcane which is broken down to glucose and fructose once in the body

• Polymer chains made up of simple sugar monomers are called polysaccharides.

• Starch is a polysaccharide found in plants and made of entirely glucose.

• Glycogen- a polysaccharide that is found in animals

• Cellulose- a polysaccharide found mostly in plants.

• Many people cannot digest cellulose because they lack the molecule necessary to break the bonds between the glucose monomers in cellulose.

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  Concept Check 5.2

  Explain the difference between a monosaccharide and a disaccharide.

• A monosaccharide is basically a simple sugar with one sugar unit. Glucose and fructose is a good example of a monosaccharide. A disaccharide is two or more monosaccharides combined and sucrose is a example.
  

  Compare and contrast starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

• All of the starch, glycogen and cellulose are basically polysaccharides that store energy. Starch (can only be found in plants) and glycogen store the energy that the body needs. Cellulose are basically the same thing but they are found in plants. They make plants stronger.
  

  How do animals store excess glucose molecules

• Animals store exess energy from glycogen. When needed, the glycogen breaks down and forms glucose. This would be a source of energy for animals.